New South Wales · Attraction
Fort Scratchley
Where history returned fire
schedule 1 min read / Updated Jun 2026
Built in 1882 on Flagstaff Hill overlooking the mouth of the Hunter River, Fort Scratchley is the only mainland Australian fort known to have returned fire during World War II. On 8 June 1942, Japanese submarine I-21 shelled the Newcastle CBD and the fort's garrison guns fired back. Today the site operates as a free museum with tunnels, restored artillery, and sweeping views across the coast, with guided tunnel tours run by the Fort Scratchley Historical Society.
Designed as a defence against a potential Russian naval threat, the fort sits less than one kilometre from the Newcastle CBD and commands views of both Nobbys Beach and Newcastle Beach. It served as an active military installation from 1882 to 1972 and underwent major restoration between 2004 and 2008, reopening to the public in June 2008. The fort features a dry moat, restored gun emplacements, and an extensive network of underground tunnels.
The Fort Scratchley Historical Society operates regular guided tunnel tours on days the fort is open. Tours run for approximately 60 minutes and reveal the subterranean passages used to move ammunition and personnel during the site's military years. The tunnels have narrow stairs and tight hallways that make them unsuitable for wheelchairs, walkers, or prams.
General admission to the grounds, museum galleries, and artillery displays is free. The guided tunnel tour carries a separate fee. The fort is closed on Tuesdays.
Scenic views
